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 Sambo
is an acronym for Samooborona Bez Orushia, which is Russian for "Self
Defense without weapons". It is a system of hand to hand combat
against both unarmed and armed opponents. The self-defense part of
Sambo is based on body movements and locks with a few punches and
kicks. There are two commonly seen styles of Sambo, sport Sambo (also
called Sambo Borba or Sambo Wrestling) and Combat Sambo. Sambo is
comprised of techniques from varieties of Russian national wrestling,
Tartar wrestling (kurjaga), Tuvin kuresh, Yakut hopsagaj, Chuvash
akatuj, Georgian chidaoba and other USSR national systems as well as
wrestling techniques from Greco-Roman wrestling, Catch-as-Catch-Can
Wrestling, jujitsu, judo, aikido and karate.
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Sambists compete in heavy duty grappling jackets called Kurtkas. A
match is over when one competitor has thrown the other to his back and
remained standing, or has applied a submission hold against the arm or
leg and made his opponent give up from the pain by tapping the mat or
the other Sambist.
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Sambo was created in the 1930's as a method of hand to hand combat for
the Soviet military after the Russo-Japanese War. A sport form of it
was created, and has now become an International Sport.
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